Java解析XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<bookstore>
	<book id = "1">
		<name>冰与火之歌</name>
		<author>乔治马丁</author>
		<year>2014</year>
		<price>89</price>
	</book>
	<book id = "2">
		<name>安徒生童话</name>
		<year>2004</year>
		<price>77</price>
		<language>English</language>
	</book>
</bookstore>

package ren.itest.xmlstu.test;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

public class domtest {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//1. 创建一个DocumentBuilderFactory对象
		DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		
		try {
			//2. 创建一个一个DocumentBuilder的对象
			DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
			
			//3. 通过DocumentBuilder对象的parse(String fileName)方法加载books.xml文件到当前项目下
			Document document =  db.parse("books.xml");
			
			//获取所有的book节点的集合
			NodeList bookList = document.getElementsByTagName("book");
			
			//通过NodeList的getLength()方法获取bookList的长度
			System.out.println("一共有" + bookList.getLength() + "本书");
			
			//遍历每一个book节点
			for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getLength(); i++) {
				System.out.println("==========下面开始遍历第" + (i + 1) + "本书的内容==========");
				//通过item(i)方法获取一个book节点，NodeList的索引值从0开始
				Node book = bookList.item(i);
				//获取book节点的所有属性集合
				NamedNodeMap attrs = book.getAttributes();
				System.out.println("第" + (i + 1) + "本书共有" + attrs.getLength() + "个属性");
				//遍历book的属性
				for(int j = 0; j < attrs.getLength(); j++) {
					//通过item(j)方法获取book节点中的某一个属性值
					Node attr = attrs.item(j);
					//获取属性名
					System.out.print("属性名：" + attr.getNodeName());
					//获取属性值
					System.out.println("--属性值：" + attr.getNodeValue());
				}
				
				//另外一种方法获取属性值
//				Element book = (Element) bookList.item(i);
//				String attrValue = book.getAttribute("id");
//				System.out.println("id属性的属性值为" + attrValue);
				
				//解析book节点的子节点
				NodeList childNodes = book.getChildNodes();
				//遍历childNodes获取每个节点的节点名和节点值
				System.out.println("第" + (i + 1) + "本书共有" + childNodes.getLength() + "个子节点");
				for (int k = 0; k < childNodes.getLength(); k++) {
					//区分出text类型的node以及element类型的node
					if (childNodes.item(k).getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
						//获取了element类型节点的节点名
						System.out.print("第" + (k + 1) + "个节点的节点名：" + childNodes.item(k).getNodeName());
						//获取了element类型节点的节点值
						System.out.println("--节点值是：" + childNodes.item(k).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
					}
					
				}
				
				
				System.out.println("==========结束遍历第" + (i + 1) + "本书的内容==========");
			}

		} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (SAXException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
			}
		
	}

}